Histiocytic sarcoma is a fatal cancer affecting dog and human, causing rapid decline and lacking effective treatments. This project investigates tumor microenvironment and heterogeneity to understand aggressiveness and explore immunotherapy options for canine and human HS. This research benefits predisposed breeds (e.g., BMDs, Retrievers, Rottweilers), often affected between 1–14 years, with peak onset around 6–10 years, and potentially all dogs with sporadic histiocytic sarcoma. The project is aiming to characterize immune cell populations and tumor heterogeneity in canine histiocytic sarcoma to support the development and effective use of emerging immunotherapies,
ultimately improving treatment options and outcomes for affected dogs.