Epilepsy can be terrifying for dog owners. The sudden, unpredictable seizures leave families feeling helpless. One moment, their dog seems perfectly fine—then suddenly, they’re collapsing, stiffening, drooling, and convulsing. Seizures can last over 30 seconds, and even afterward, dogs may be disoriented or confused. The first time is especially harrowing.

Fortunately, there are anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) that can help control seizures. Even more encouraging, veterinary researchers are focused on finding better ways to diagnose and treat epilepsy in dogs.

Two Groundbreaking Studies Are Currently Underway 
At the University of Guelph, Dr. Fiona James is using a tool called electroencephalography, or EEG, to learn more about seizures and improve care for dogs with epilepsy. EEG works by placing small sensors on the head to measure the brain’s electrical activity—something doctors regularly use in people to confirm seizures, classify their type, and check how well treatments are working.

Right now, epilepsy in dogs is often diagnosed based on what owners observe at home, which can be hard to track or describe accurately. Dr. James’ team is using EEG to determine if seizures are happening more often than reported and to see how well medications are working for different seizure types in dogs.

Meanwhile, at North Carolina State University, Dr. Karen Muñana is using another powerful tool –  functional MRI, or fMRI – to investigate the root causes of epilepsy in dogs. fMRI shows subtle changes in blood flow that occur with brain activity, helping researchers see which areas may be disrupted. It’s already helped doctors understand epilepsy in people, and Dr. Muñana hopes it will do the same for dogs – leading to more effective treatments and improved quality of life for dogs and their families.

Todd’s Story is a Common One
Todd, a 5-year-old Labrador Retriever, started having seizures even though he seemed perfectly healthy. His family noticed a pattern—other dogs in his lineage were also affected—so they reached out to participate in Dr. Muñana’s study to help find answers. Todd’s fMRI didn’t show any physical or structural abnormalities in his brain, which led to a diagnosis of idiopathic epilepsy, meaning the cause is unknown. His family has since enrolled him in another study exploring how the gut microbiome may be connected to seizures and they continue to share their journey with other pet owners facing the same challenges.

You Make a Better Future for Dogs Possible
These studies are made possible by the commitment of dedicated owners and generosity of donors. Their support drives the science that leads to better answers and brings hope to dogs with epilepsy and the families who love them.

Learn more or support this work at https://www.akcchf.org/donate/.